An asset is anything you own that has economic value — in personal finance terms, this typically includes cash in your bank account, investments like mutual funds, stocks, and bonds, physical property like your home or land, gold, and even valuable items like vehicles. Essentially, if it's worth something and you own it, it counts as an asset.
Assets are generally categorised as either productive (ones that can generate income or grow in value over time, like investments or rental property) or non-productive (ones that mainly hold or lose value, like a personal car or jewellery kept for use rather than investment). Understanding the full list and value of your assets is the first step in calculating your net worth, and in deciding how well-diversified and productively deployed your money actually is.