NiveshLedger
Family & Goals

Buying Your First Home: The Down Payment Playbook

Updated 20 August 2026

Most home loans cover 75-90% of a property's value, which means the down payment — the remaining 10-25% — is typically the single largest lumpsum a first-time buyer needs to have ready in cash.

Try the Home Loan EMI Calculator → Read all 100 guides in the app →

Beyond the down payment itself, first-time buyers often underestimate the additional costs stacked on top: stamp duty and registration (varying by state, often 5-8% of property value), brokerage if applicable, home loan processing fees, and initial furnishing or moving costs — budgeting for these separately, not just the down payment, avoids an unpleasant surprise close to purchase.

If your home purchase is 5+ years away, a mix of equity mutual funds and safer instruments can work toward the down payment target, gradually shifting toward FDs, RDs, or debt funds as the purchase date approaches, similar to any other medium-term goal, to avoid market risk affecting money you'll need on a specific date.

It's also worth checking your eligibility for schemes like PMAY (Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana) interest subsidies if applicable to your income category, and comparing pre-approved loan offers from a couple of lenders before finalising a property, since your negotiating position is generally stronger when you're not rushed by a specific deal's deadline.

Frequently asked questions

What is a Home Loan EMI calculator?

It calculates your fixed Equated Monthly Instalment based on the loan amount, interest rate, and tenure, and breaks down how much of that EMI goes toward principal versus interest over the life of the loan.

What is the EMI formula?

EMI = P × r × (1+r)ⁿ / ((1+r)ⁿ − 1), where P is the loan principal, r is the monthly interest rate (annual rate divided by 12 and by 100), and n is the total number of monthly instalments.

Why does the interest portion of my EMI reduce over time?

Interest is charged on the outstanding balance, which shrinks with every payment, so early EMIs are interest-heavy and later EMIs are increasingly principal-heavy even though the total EMI amount stays the same throughout.